Pharmacodynamics 3 - Theory

Data

Official data in SubjectManager for the following academic year: 2022-2023

Topic

The aim of the course is to provide the students with pharmacological knowledge that is required for their future work in the pharmacy. Important topics are pharmacology of the endocrine system; chemotherapy of microbial diseases including antibacterial, antifungal drugs, antiviral antiprotozoal, antihelminthic agents, antiseptics and disinfectants; drugs used in chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases; immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, drug treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Further topics are pharmacogenetics; effects of age, diet and diseases on drug action; drug interactions.

Lectures

• 1. Corticosteroids I. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 2. Corticosteroids II. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 3. Corticosteroids III. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 4. Estrogens, anti-estrogens - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 5. Progestins, anti-progestins - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 6. Postmenopausal hormone therapy. Hormonal contraceptives - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 7. Androgens, anabolic steroids, and anti-androgens I. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 8. Androgens, anabolic steroids, and anti-androgens II. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 9. Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs I. - Dr. Kriszta Gábor
• 10. Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs II. - Dr. Kriszta Gábor
• 11. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones I. - Dr. Poór Miklós
• 12. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones II. - Dr. Poór Miklós
• 13. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones III. - Dr. Poór Miklós
• 14. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents I. - Dr. Sánticsné Dr. Pintér Erika
• 15. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents II. - Dr. Sánticsné Dr. Pintér Erika
• 16. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents III. Glucagon - Dr. Sánticsné Dr. Pintér Erika
• 17. Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, and drug treatment of osteoporosis I. - Dr. Kriszta Gábor
• 18. Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, and drug treatment of osteoporosis II. - Dr. Kriszta Gábor
• 19. Drugs used in neoplastic diseases I. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 20. Drugs used in neoplastic diseases II. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 21. Drugs used in neoplastic diseases III. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 22. Drugs used in neoplastic diseases IV. - Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• 23. Immunosuppressants, immunomodulators - Dr. Sánticsné Dr. Pintér Erika
• 24. Drugs used for treating rheumatoid arthritis - Dr. Sánticsné Dr. Pintér Erika

Practices

Seminars

Reading material

Obligatory literature

Literature developed by the Department

Electronic handouts are provided for most topics.

Notes

Recommended literature

Rang, Dale, Ritter, Moore: Pharmacology, 9th edition, Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2020
B. G. Katzung (ed.): Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th edition, Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 2018

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

Maximum of 25 % absence allowed

Mid-term exams

There is no midterm exam/test.

Making up for missed classes

There is no way to make up for missed classes.

Exam topics/questions

Reqirements: The semester is closed with the final exam. The exams are oral. The required topics are dealt with during the three courses of Pharmacodynamics, including both lectures and practice classes.The criterion of admission to the exam is the successful completion of the practice carried out in paralell (midsemester grade with the result different from failed).
Exam questions:
1. Basic mechanisms of drug actions (examples of drug effects on receptors, ion channels, enzymes, carrier systems and effects mediated by physicochemical interactions)
2. Characterization of agonist-receptor interaction: occupancy, affinity, dose-response curve, potency, efficacy
3. Significance of signal transduction mechanisms in the effects of drugs. Tachyphylaxis and tolerance to drugs
4. Mechanisms of drug antagonisms
5. Transport of drugs across membranes
6. Absorption of drugs, oral bioavailability and presystemic elimination
7. Plasma protein binding and tissue distribution of drugs
8. Biotransformation of drugs
9. Excretion of drugs
10. Quantitative pharmacokinetics: zero and first order elimination, volume of distribution, clearance, elimination half-life, oral bioavailability, calculation of loading and maintenance doses
11. Harmful effects of drugs and their mechanisms
12. Factors influencing drug effects: genetic constitution, age, diet, disease
13. Drug interactions
14. Cholinergic agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors
15. Muscarinic receptor antagonists
16. Neuromuscular blocking agents. Drugs acting on autonomic ganglia
17. Agents acting on the biosynthesis, storage, release and elimination of catecholamines
18. Adrenergic receptor agonists
19. Adrenergic receptor antagonists
20. Local anaesthetics
21. Calcium channel blockers
22. Drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
23. Diuretic drugs
24. Positive inotropic and other drugs used for treating congestive heart failure
25. Antianginal drugs. Drugs that increase regional blood flow
26. Antihypertensive drugs
27. Antiarrhythmic drugs
28. Antianxiety and hypnotic drugs
29. Alcohols: pharmacology, toxicology
30. Antipsychotic drugs
31. Antidepressants
32. Central nervous system stimulants. Nootropic drugs
33. Drug treatment of neurodegenerative disorders
34. General anaesthetics
35. Antiepileptic drugs
36. Opioid analgesic drugs: morphine and codeine
37. Opioid analgesic drugs: semisynthetic, synthetic opioids, opioid antagonists
38. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: aspirin, paracetamol
39. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: drugs other than aspirin or paracetamol
40. Adjuvant analgesics. Drugs used for treating gout. Centrally-acting muscle relaxants
41. Basic terms of drug abuse. Psychedelics, nicotine, cannabis, inhalants
42. Drugs used for treating hyperlipoproteinaemias
43. Drugs affecting hemostasis
44. Drugs affecting hematopoiesis
45. Histamine, H1 and H2 receptor antagonists
46. Serotonin, serotonin receptor agonists and antagonists. Drug treatment of migraine
47. Pharmacology of eicosanoids. Drugs acting on the smooth muscle: smooth muscle relaxants, pharmacology of the uterine muscle
48. Drugs used in bronchial asthma
49. Drugs used in allergic rhinitis. Antitussive, expectorant and mucolytic agents
50. Drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer
51. Emetics, antiemetics and prokinetic drugs. Digestives, drugs used in cholelithiasis
52. Laxatives, antidiarrheal agents, drug treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases
53. Corticosteroids
54. Oestrogens, antioestrogens, progestins, antiprogestins
55. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and hormonal contraceptives
56. Androgens, anabolic steroids, antiandrogens
57. Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs
58. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones
59. Insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents. Glucagon
60. Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin D, drugs used for treating osteoporosis
61. Sulphonamides and trimethoprim. Fluoroquinolones. Nitroimidazoles
62. Beta-lactam antibiotics
63. Glycopeptide antibiotics, lipopeptides, polymyxines, gramicidins
64. Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines
65. Macrolide antibiotics , chloramphenicol, lincosamides, streptogramins
66. Antituberculotic drugs. Anti-leprosy drugs
67. Antifungal drugs
68. Antiviral drugs
69. Antiprotozoal drugs
70. Anthelminthic drugs
71. Antiseptics and disinfectants
72. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases: alkylating agents, antimetabolites
73. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases: alkaloids, antibiotics, hormonal agents
74. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases: biological therapy
75. Immunosuppressants and immunomodulators. Drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis

In addition to the exam topics, an important part of the exam is answering questions that aim at assessing the general knowledge of the student.

Examiners

• Dr. Barthó Loránd
• Dr. Pethő Gábor István
• Dr. Poór Miklós

Instructor / tutor of practices and seminars