Internal Medicine: Haematology

Data

Official data in SubjectManager for the following academic year: 2024-2025

Topic

Short description of the course: The course involves three main topics, Haematology (Benign and malignant disorders), Haemostasis (thromboembolic disorders, acquired and inherited bleeding disorders), and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Haematology will be lectured in 1 hour/week. Etiology, pathophysiology, genetical background of malignant haematological diseases, clinical symptoms, physical disturbances, diagnostic procedures will be highlighted. Detailed therapeutic options will also be discussed.

The haematology curriculum is intended to act as a guide to medical students as to the extent and depth of knowledge of haematology that would be expected to be acquired during the semester.

Aims: The acquisition of basic knowledge of laboratory and clinical Haematology.

Prerequisites: The student requires an appropriate knowledge of anatomy and physiology and a basic knowledge of cell biology including function of chromosomes and genes.

Lectures

• 1. Basics of haematopoiesis. The function of blood cells. Main aspects of peripheral blood smear assessment. Traditional and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic options in Haematology - Alizadeh Hussain
• 2. Morphological classification and diagnosis of anaemia: Microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic - Alizadeh Hussain
• 3. Etracorpuscular haemolytic anaemia and immune thrombocytopenia. - Nagy Ágnes (IBel)
• 4. Corpuscular haemolytic anaemia and thrombotic microangiopathies - Nagy Ágnes (IBel)
• 5. Lymphoid neoplasms I: Hodgkin lymphoma and high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. - Szomor Árpád
• 6. Lymphoid neoplasms II: CLL and low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. - Szomor Árpád
• 7. Lymphoid neoplasms III: Plasma cell disorders: Multiple myeloma and related disorders. Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. - Kosztolányi Szabolcs
• 8. Myeloid neoplasms I: Myelodysplastic syndrome, Acute myeloid leukaemia. - Alizadeh Hussain
• 9. Myeloid neoplasms II: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Polycythaemia vera, Essential thrombocythaemia, Myelofibrosis. - Alizadeh Hussain
• 10. Autologous and allogeneic haematopoeitic stem cell transplantation, CAR-T cell and other immun-oncology therapies. - Szomor Árpád
• 11. Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic disorders. Thrombophilia. - Alizadeh Hussain
• 12. Basics of haemostasis. Inherited bleeding disorders (Haemophilias, von Willebrand disease) and acquired haemophilia. - Alizadeh Hussain
• 13. Acquired bleeding disorders: Anticoagulants and anti-platelet agents induced bleeding, liver and kindney disease related bleeding, Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy,Vaccine induces thrombocytopenia thrombosis. - Alizadeh Hussain
• 14. Medical emergencies in Haematology. - Alizadeh Hussain

Practices

• 1. Physical examination and characteristic alterations in hematologic patient.
• 2. Normal blood counts, peripheral blood smear, and bone marrow slide viewing
• 3. Examination of patients with iron deficiency and megaloblastic anaemia.
• 4. Peripheral blood smears of patients with microcytic and macrocytic anaemia.
• 5. Haemolytic anaemia, inherited and acquired.
• 6. Evaluation and discussion of laboratory results.
• 7. ITP? clinical features, diagnosis and therapeutical options
• 8. Thrombotic microangiopathies: TTP, HUS
• 9. Diagnostic procedure and treatment of acute myelocytic leukaemias, peripheral blood smears.
• 10. Diagnostic procedure and treatment of acute lymphocytic leukaemias, peripheral blood smears.
• 11. Myelodysplastic syndrome, classification, treatment.
• 12. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic myelocytic leukaemia, peripheral blood smears.
• 13. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, peripheral blood smears.
• 14. Hodgkin’s disease – clinical symptomes, staging and therapy
• 15. Multiple myeloma and other plasma cell dyscrasias
• 16. The practice of autologous stem cell transplantation.
• 17. Visit to the haemapheresis laboratory (stem cell collection, and freezing). The transplantation unit.
• 18. Non- Hodgkin’s lymphomas – clinical symptomes, staging and therapy
• 19. Haemostasis, platelets, fibrinolysis and evaluation of laboratory tests.
• 20. Diffuse intravascular coagulation
• 21. The bleeding patient ? inherited and acquired bleeding disorders
• 22. Evaluation of the blood coagulation tests.
• 23. Thrombophilias.
• 24. Anticoagulant prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism.
• 25. Heparin induced thrombocytopenia.
• 26. Control of anticoagulant treatment
• 27. Fibrinolytic treatment.
• 28. Antiplatelet therapies

Seminars

Reading material

Obligatory literature

There is no special recommended textbook.

Literature developed by the Department

Notes

Recommended literature

R. Hoffman (ed.): Hematology, Churchill- Livingstone 2005

A. V. Hoffbrand, P.A. H. Moss, J. E. Petit (eds.): Essential Haematology, 5th edition, Blackwell Publishing 2006, ISBN 140 5136499

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

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Mid-term exams

There will be a practical assessment on the last week of semester and a written exam after the end of teaching period. The dates of written exam will be discussed with the official representative of students. There will be 5 dates for written exam.

Making up for missed classes

Maximum 20% absences from the practices and maximum 25% absences from the lectures are allowed.

Exam topics/questions

There will be a written test after completion of all requirements. Prior to written exam, all students will be evaluated for their practical skills in haematology. The topics for exam will be covered during the ectures and the practical teaching sessions.

Please find below a list of topics for exam:

1. Haematopoiesis and function of blood cells.

2. Diagnosis and treatment of anaemia I: Microcytic, normocytic and macrocytic anaemias

3. Diagnosis and treatment of inherited and acquired haemolytic anaemias.

4. Diagnosis and treatment of platelet disorders.

5. Diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic microangiopathies.

6. Diagnosis and treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms

8. Diagnosis and treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes

9. Diagnosis and treatment of inherited and acquired bone marrow failure syndromes

10. Diagnosis and treatment of lymphoproliferative neoplasms: high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphomas

11. Diagnosis and treatment of low-grade lymphoproliferative neoplasms

12. Diagnosis and treatment of plasma cell disorder

13. Haematopoetic growth factorsisorders

14. Diagnosis and management of haemostatic disorders: inherited bleeding disorders (Haemophilias and vo Willebrand disease)

15. Diagnosis and management of acquired bleeding disorders

16. Diagnosis and management of acquired and inherited thrombophilias

17. Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of venous thromboembolism

18. Types and indications of antithrombotic-anticoagulant agents

19. Types, sources and indicaations of haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

20. Types and management of medical emergencies in haematology

21. Types and indications of innovative treatments in haemato-oncology: Immuno-oncology, Immunotherapy

22. Types and indications of blood products

Examiners

• Alizadeh Hussain
• Kosztolányi Szabolcs
• Szomor Árpád
• Tóth Orsolya

Instructor / tutor of practices and seminars

• Alizadeh Hussain
• Kohl Zoltán
• Kosztolányi Szabolcs
• Nagy Ágnes (IBel)
• Pammer Judit Éva
• Szakács Zsolt
• Szomor Árpád