Paediatric Oncology

Data

Official data in SubjectManager for the following academic year: 2024-2025

Topic

The course will cover the diagnostics and biology of childhood malignancies. Based on these findings conventional and new biological treatments are shown. In addition to a detailed discussion of each entity, the course will cover emergency conditions, follow-up, rehabilitation, and palliative care in childhood.

The prevalence of malignant diseases is much lower than in adulthood, at a few tenths of a percent.

In adulthood, epithelial tumors and carcinomas are predominant, whereas in childhood, sarcomas and embryonal tumors predominate. Hematological malignancies account for almost one-third of childhood malignancies.

There has been a considerable improvement in survival. In the 1960s, the cure rate was 10-20%, rising to 70-75% by the 1990s. Progress started rapidly in the 1970s and then stalled in the 1990s. This rapid progress over 40 years was mainly due to the development of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical techniques.

In the last decade, further increases in survival have been achieved with early molecular genetic testing and targeted inhibitors and antibodies in therapy-resistant cases.

As a result, the probability of cure for childhood malignancies in developed countries five years after diagnosis ranges from 75 to 85%, with regional variations.

Lectures

Practices

Seminars

• 1. Epidemiological characteristics of childhood cancers. Tumour diagnostics. Clinical signs, laboratory diagnosis, imaging, pathological investigations. Staging. Early diagnosis. - Ottóffy Gábor
• 2. General presentation of treatment. Prognosis of childhood tumors. Methods of evaluation of therapeutic outcome. Clinical studies. - Ottóffy Gábor
• 3. Signal transduction pathways involved in tumor development and molecular genetic factors of childhood malignancies. Tumor predisposition syndromes - Csernus Katalin
• 4. Targeted treatment and immunotherapy - Csernus Katalin
• 5. Diagnosis and treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia - Csernus Katalin
• 6. Diagnosis and treatment of childhood acute myeloid leukemia. Infantile and childhood biphenotypic leukemias. TAM - Down - Csernus Katalin
• 7. Symptoms, diagnosis, and classification of central nervous system tumors in children - Szabó Tamásné Vojcek Ágnes
• 8. Therapy of central nervous system tumors in children - Szabó Tamásné Vojcek Ágnes
• 9. Diagnosis and treatment of neuroblastoma - Szabó Tamásné Vojcek Ágnes
• 10. Pediatric germ cell tumors - Szabó Tamásné Vojcek Ágnes
• 11. Childhood lymphomas - YEHKFR
• 12. Diagnosis and treatment of retinoblastoma. Childhood thyroid tumours - YEHKFR
• 13. Osteosarcoma és Ewing sarcoma diagnosztikája és kezelése - Horváth Gábor (Anatómia)
• 14. Pediatric liver tumors - Horváth Gábor (Anatómia)
• 15. Diagnosis and treatment of Wilms tumor. Other childhood renal tumors - Ottóffy Gábor
• 16. Pediatric soft tissue sarcomas classification and treatment - Ottóffy Gábor
• 17. Acute side effects - Benedek Noémi Erika
• 18. Paediatric oncological - haematological emergencies - Benedek Noémi Erika
• 19. Late side effects. Follow-up and rehabilitation of patients cured of childhood malignancy - Szabó Tamásné Vojcek Ágnes
• 20. Palliative care in children - Ottóffy Gábor

Reading material

Obligatory literature

Literature developed by the Department

The presentations are available in electronic format. The scientific publications discussed in the course are available in electronic or printed form.

Notes

The scientific publications discussed in the course are available in electronic or printed form.

Recommended literature

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

The assessment is based on the quality of the tasks for individual preparation and the activity in the sessions. Attendance at the lectures is compulsory, and the index will not be signed for more than 15% absences.

Mid-term exams

-

Making up for missed classes

During the course, it is not possible.

Exam topics/questions

-

Examiners

Instructor / tutor of practices and seminars

• Benedek Noémi Erika
• Csernus Katalin
• Horváth Gábor (Anatómia)
• Ottóffy Gábor
• Szabó Tamásné Vojcek Ágnes
• YEHKFR