Anatomy, Histology, Embryology and Neuroanatomy

Data

Official data in SubjectManager for the following academic year: 2024-2025

Topic

Macroscopic and microscopic anatomy, and development of the central nervous system. Morphological basis of neuroendocrine integration. Regional anatomy of the head and the neck.

Macroscopic, microscopic and ultrastructural composition of the central nervous system including functional and developmental aspects. Regions of the head and neck with particular reference to those structures innervated by the cranial nerves. Macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the endocrine organs, as well as sensory organs, and the development of these systems. The course is to give basic morphological knowledge to further clinical studies, including neurology, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, craniofacial surgery, etc. The final exam includes all the topics of Anatomy 1 (OAA-AA1), Histology and Embryology 1 (OAA-SF1), and Histology and Embryology 2 (OAA-SF2) subjects for general medicine students.

Lectures

• 1. Histology of the skin. - Rékási Zoltán
• 2.

  Overview of the macroscopic anatomy of the central nervous system based on embryology.

  - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 3. Circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid, blood supply of the brain, meninges: clinical implications. - Pethőné Lubics Andrea
• 4. Methods for studying the nervous system. - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 5. Basic neurohistology. The neuron. - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 6.

  Basic neurohistology. The peripheral nerve. Nerve regeneration.

  - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 7. Basic neurohistology. Axon terminals 1. Synapses. - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 8. Basic neurohistology. Axon terminals 2. Receptors. - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 9. Basic neurohistology. The glia. - !Kozicz Tamas
• 10.

  Blood supply and meninges of the spinal cord, clinical aspects.

  - Pethőné Lubics Andrea
• 11. Microscopic organization of the spinal cord. - Pethőné Lubics Andrea
• 12. Spinal reflexes. - Pethőné Lubics Andrea
• 13. Ascending pathways of the spinal cord. - Reglődi Dóra
• 14. Descending pathways of the spinal cord. - Reglődi Dóra
• 15.

  Structural organization of the rhombencephalon and the mesencephalon.

  - Rékási Zoltán
• 16. Nuclei of the cranial nerves. - Rékási Zoltán
• 17.

  Reticular formation.

  - Reglődi Dóra
• 18.

  Brainstem systems and reflexes.

  - Reglődi Dóra
• 19.

  General structure of the cerebellar cortex.

  - Rékási Zoltán
• 20. Connections and functions of the cerebellum. - Rékási Zoltán
• 21.

  Diencephalon: the thalamus.

  - Rékási Zoltán
• 22. Basal ganglia. - Reglődi Dóra
• 23. Cerebral cortex. - Rékási Zoltán
• 24.

  Eye.

  - Kiss Péter
• 25.

  Eye and its development.

  - Kiss Péter
• 26.

  External muscles of the eye, movements of the eye and their central mechanisms.

  - Kiss Péter
• 27.

  Retina.

  - Horváth-Opper Gabriella
• 28.

  Visual pathway.

  - Horváth-Opper Gabriella
• 29.

  Tympanic cavity, its contents and their development.

  - Tamás Andrea
• 30.

  Bony and membranous labyrinth and their development.

  - Tamás Andrea
• 31.

  The auditory pathways.

  - Reglődi Dóra
• 32.

  The vestibular system.

  - Reglődi Dóra
• 33.

  Diencephalon: the hypothalamus, and the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system.

  - Rékási Zoltán
• 34.

  Endocrine organs 1.

  - Nagy András Dávid
• 35.

  Endocrine organs 2.

  - Nagy András Dávid
• 36.

  Structure and connections of the hippocampus. The limbic system.

  - Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• 37.

  Autonomous nervous system 1.

  - Csernus Valér
• 38.

  Autonomous nervous system 2.

  - Csernus Valér
• 39. Neural basis for the movement-coordination. - Csernus Valér
• 40.

  Somatosensory systems.

  - Csernus Valér
• 41.

  Development of the central nervous system. Malformations.

  - Reglődi Dóra
• 42. Closing lecture. - Reglődi Dóra

Practices

• 1.

  Dissecting room: Skull.

• 2.

  Dissecting room: Skull.

• 3. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• 4. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• 5.

  Histology: Skull.

• 6.

  Histology: Skull.

• 7. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• ...

  8. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.

  9. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• 10. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• 11. Histology: The integument.
• 12. Histology: The integument.
• 13. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• ...

  14. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.

  15. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• 16. Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain.
• 17. Histology: Neurons, peripherial nerves.
• 18. Histology: Neurons, peripherial nerves.
• 19. Dissecting room: Sections of the brain.
• ...

  20. Dissecting room: Sections of the brain.

  21. Dissecting room: Sections of the brain.
• 22. Dissecting room: Sections of the brain.
• 23. Histology: Nerve terminals, glia.
• 24. Histology: Nerve terminals, glia.
• 25.

  Dissecting room: Spinal cord.

• ...

  26.

  Dissecting room: Spinal cord.

  27.

  Dissecting room: Spinal cord.

• 28.

  Dissecting room: Spinal cord.

• 29. Histology: Histology of the spinal cord.
• 30. Histology: Histology of the spinal cord.
• 31. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• ...

  32. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.

  33. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 34. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 35. Histology: The spinal cord and the brainstem (seminar).
• 36. Histology: The spinal cord and the brainstem (seminar).
• 37. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• ...

  38. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.

  39. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 40. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 41.

  Histology: Cortex of the cerebellum.

• 42.

  Histology: Cortex of the cerebellum.

• 43. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• ...

  44. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.

  45. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 46. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 47. Histology: Cerebellum and diencephalon (seminar).
• 48. Histology: Cerebellum and diencephalon (seminar).
• 49. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• ...

  50. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.

  51. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 52. Dissecting room: Regions of the head and neck.
• 53. Histology: Cerebral cortex.
• 54. Histology: Cerebral cortex.
• 55.

  Dissecting room: Macroscopical anatomy of the eye.

• 56.

  Dissecting room: Macroscopical anatomy of the eye.

• 57.

  Dissecting room: Pathways of the visual system.

• 58.

  Dissecting room: Pathways of the visual system.

• 59.

  Histology: Histology of the eye.

• 60.

  Histology: Histology of the eye.

• 61.

  Dissecting room: Macroscopical anatomy of the middle and inner ear.

• 62.

  Dissecting room: Macroscopical anatomy of the middle and inner ear.

• 63.

  Dissecting room: Auditory and vestibular pathways.

• 64.

  Dissecting room: Auditory and vestibular pathways.

• 65.

  Histology: Histology of the inner ear.

• 66.

  Histology: Histology of the inner ear.

• 67.

  Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain in situ.

• 68.

  Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain in situ.

• 69.

  Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain in situ - cavernous sinus and orbit.

• 70.

  Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain in situ - cavernous sinus and orbit.

• 71.

  Histology: Endocrine organs 1.

• 72.

  Histology: Endocrine organs 1.

• 73.

  Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain in situ - middle and inner ear.

• 74.

  Dissecting room: Dissection of the brain in situ - middle and inner ear.

• 75.

  Dissecting room: X-ray and MR/CT pictures.

• 76.

  Dissecting room: X-ray and MR/CT pictures.

• 77.

  Histology: Endocrine organs 2.

• 78.

  Histology: Endocrine organs 2.

• 79. Dissecting room: Recapitulation, preparation for the exam.
• ...

  80. Dissecting room: Recapitulation, preparation for the exam.

  81. Dissecting room: Recapitulation, preparation for the exam.
• 82. Dissecting room: Recapitulation, preparation for the exam.
• 83. Histology: Recapitulation, preparation for the exam.
• 84. Histology: Recapitulation, preparation for the exam.

Seminars

Reading material

Obligatory literature

http://an-server.pote.hu

Literature developed by the Department

http://an-server.pote.hu

Notes

http://an-server.pote.hu

Recommended literature

http://an-server.pote.hu

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

In the histology practices, the students must prepare a histology notebook with the drawings of every slide studied during the semester. The notebook will be double-checked and signed by the practice leader at the end of the semester. Presence on at least 85% of course hours is required. Absence (for any reason) is max. 18 teaching hours (= 18x45 min.) including max. 13 practice hours.

Mid-term exams

Midterm tests are cancelled

Making up for missed classes

Individual study on the consecutive practices of the group (max. three times).

Exam topics/questions

http://an-server.pote.hu

Examiners

• Csernus Valér
• Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• Horváth Judit (Anatómia)
• Horváth-Opper Gabriella
• Kiss Péter
• Pethőné Lubics Andrea
• Reglődi Dóra
• Rékási Zoltán
• Tamás Andrea

Instructor / tutor of practices and seminars

• Csernus Valér
• Farkas József
• Gaszner Balázs (Anat)
• Gaszner Tamás
• Hollósy Tibor
• Horváth Judit (Anatómia)
• Kiss Péter
• Kovács László Ákos
• KURZUSHOZ RENDELT OKTATÓ
• Nagy András Dávid
• Pham Dániel
• Reglődi Dóra
• Rékási Zoltán
• Sparks Jason
• Tamás Andrea