Molecular Epidemiology

Daten

Offizielle Daten in der Fachveröffentlichung für das folgende akademische Jahr: 2026-2027

Thematik

A tárgy a molekuláris biológiai módszerek alkalmazását, helyét, nélkülözhetetlen voltát mutatja be az epidemiológiában és a prevencióban. Tárgyalja, hogy milyen új lehetőségeket hozott a molekuláris szintű módszerek integrációja a hagyományos epidemiológiai módszertannal, illetve ennek milyen kézzelfogható, a gyakorlatban is alkalmazható/alkalmazott eredményei vannak./ 
The course presents the application, place and indispensability of molecular biological methods in epidemiology and prevention. It will discuss the new possibilities brought by the integration of molecular methods with traditional epidemiological methodology and the tangible results that can be applied in practice.

Vorlesungen

• 1.

  Molecular epidemiology

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 2.

  The exposome concept. Biomarkers and testing methods of the exposome, internal dose and early biological effects

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 3.

  Role of the Human Genome Project in molecular epidemiology

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 4.

  Identifying disease-associated genes: candidate-gene approach vs. genome wide association studies

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 5.

  Twin studies in molecular epidemiology

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 6.

  Eugenics – a sad mistake in the history of genetics

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 7.

  Nature vs. nurture – nature via nurture

  - Járomi Luca
• 8.

  Biomarkers of individual susceptibility. Interaction between environmental and genetic factors in the disease development

  - Járomi Luca
• 9.

  Personalized prevention – basic principles

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 10.

  Personalized prevention – case studies

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 11.

  Personalized medicine – basic principles

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 12.

  Personalized medicine – drug metabolism and drug response

  - Járomi Luca
• 13.

  Personalized medicine – case studies

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 14.

  Biomarkers of nutritional status. Nutrigenomics

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 15.

  Epigenetics – epigenetic biomarkers in molecular epidemiology

  - Bérczi Bálint Dániel
• 16.

  Non-coding RNAs in molecular epidemiology

  - Bérczi Bálint Dániel
• 17.

  The human microbiome – development, composition

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 18.

  The human microbiome – association with diseases or health conditions

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 19.

  Molecular epidemiology of cancer I.

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 20.

  Molecular epidemiology of cancer II.

  - Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)
• 21.

  Molecular epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases

  - Járomi Luca
• 22.

  Molecular epidemiology of obesity

  - Járomi Luca
• 23.

  Molecular epidemiology of diabetes mellitus

  - Járomi Luca
• 24.

  Molecular epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 25.

  Molecular epidemiology of reproductive diseases

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 26.

  Behaviome – molecular epidemiology of mental disorders

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 27.

  New and alternative tools in molecular epidemiology

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán
• 28.

  The future of molecular epidemiology

  - Gyöngyi Zoltán

Praktika

Seminare

Materialien zum Aneignen des Lehrstoffes

Obligatorische Literatur

Vom Institut veröffentlichter Lehrstoff

PotePediára/Neptunra lesz feltöltve.

Skript

Empfohlene Literatur

Voraussetzung zum Absolvieren des Semesters

-

Semesteranforderungen

Test

Möglichkeiten zur Nachholung der Fehlzeiten

-

Prüfungsfragen

General Concepts: 

What is molecular epidemiology, and how does it differ from classical epidemiology? 

How do genetic and environmental factors interact to influence disease risk? 

What is meant by interindividual genetic variation? Which types are most common in humans? 

 

Genetic Variation & Disease: 

Explain the role of SNPs and copy number variations in human disease. 

Why are copy number variations important in complex diseases? 

What is a multifactorial disease? Give examples. 

Explain why cancer is considered a multistep disease. 

 

Epigenetics: 

What is epigenetics? How does it differ from genetic mutations? 

Describe the main epigenetic mechanisms involved in gene regulation. 

Are epigenetic changes heritable? Explain what happens during gametogenesis and early embryonic development. 

Why are epigenetic modifications considered reversible, and why is this clinically important? 

 

Neurodevelopmental & Neurodegenerative Disorders: 

Discuss biomedical mechanisms associated with autism and ADHD. 

What biomarkers are used in Alzheimer’s disease, and how do their levels change during disease progression? 

Why is Aβ42 decreased in the CSF of Alzheimer’s patients? 

 

Gene–Environment Interaction: 

Explain phenylketonuria (PKU) as an example of gene–environment interaction. 

What is the exposome? Why is this concept important in molecular epidemiology? 

Give examples of environmental exposures that can influence epigenetic regulation. 

 

Biomarkers: 

What is a biomarker? Name and explain different types of biomarkers (exposure, effect, susceptibility). 

Why are genetic polymorphisms (e.g., GSTM1) considered susceptibility biomarkers? 

Discuss the strengths and limitations of PSA as a biomarker in prostate cancer. 

 

Molecular & Genomic Techniques: 

Explain the principle of the comet assay. What kind of DNA damage does it detect? 

What is comparative genome hybridization (CGH), and what information does it provide? 

What are the main applications of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in molecular epidemiology? 

 

Pharmacogenomics: 

Why do individuals metabolize drugs differently? 

What role do CYP450 polymorphisms play in drug response and toxicity? 

Give a clinical example where pharmacogenomics improves patient care. 

 

Chronic & Non-Communicable Diseases: 

Why are diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer considered multifactorial? 

Discuss the relationship between high BMI and non-communicable diseases. 

Why is obesity considered a complex disease rather than a purely genetic condition? 

Explain the difference between monogenic and polygenic obesity. 

 

Microbiome & Cardiovascular Risk: 

How does the gut microbiome influence human health? 

In what ways can the gut microbiome reduce cardiovascular disease risk? 

What non-modifiable risk factors contribute to cardiovascular disease? 

 

Integrative / Critical Thinking Questions: 

How can molecular epidemiology contribute to personalized medicine? 

Discuss the ethical challenges of using genetic and genomic data in population studies. 

How could molecular biomarkers be used in disease prevention strategies? 

Prüfer

• Gyöngyi Zoltán
• Kiss István Zoltán (Népeg)

Praktika, Seminarleiter/innen