Causes of Expansion and Preventive Methods in Infectious Diseases

Daten

Offizielle Daten in der Fachveröffentlichung für das folgende akademische Jahr: 2019-2020

Thematik

- factors contributing to the spread of infectious diseases, both within and outside the hospital,
- procedures for preventing and controlling the spread of infections,
- the classical and new methods used in epidemiology, the possible use of the results obtained by these methods to stop the spread of infectious diseases,
- the factors that human activity has caused in the Earth's ecological system and which have an impact on the spread of infectious diseases, and the emerging (new) infectious diseases,
- the role of the human microbiota in the development of infectious and non-infectious diseases,
- emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases,
- possible ways of bioterrorist attacks and their early detection
- epidemiology and prevention of nosocomial infections,
- what are the possibilities for slowing down and stopping the spread of multi-resistant pathogens in a hospital environment
- Principles for the correct use of antimicrobial agents to reduce the risk of developing antimicrobial resistance
- effective method of vaccination to prevent certain infectious diseases

Vorlesungen

• 1. Basic concepts, aims and tools, short historical introduction. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 2. Basic concepts, aims and tools, short historical introduction. John Graunt, William Petty, John Snow, Peter. A. Schleisner, Ignác Semmelweis , Joseph Lister, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 3. The transmission of infections (vectors, reservoirs). Reservoirs, source of infections, mode of transmission and port of entry for infections. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 4. The transmission of infections (vectors, reservoirs) Reservoirs, source of infections, mode of transmission and port of entry for infections. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 5. The traditional epidemiologic methods biostatistics, Viewpoints of statistical analysis, choosing of the right methods for statistical analysis, type of the studies: cohort (follow-up study),case-contro, cross-sectional study, the limitations of the studies; the types of the bias/errors. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 6. The traditional epidemiologic methods; the laboratory identification of pathogens, classic and new non-nucleic acid based methods, MALDI-TOF MS. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 7. Molecular epidemiologic methods of infectious diseases. Plasmid profile analysis, ribotyping, macro-restrictions endonuclease mapping by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, types of PCR, isothermal reactions: loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), helicase-dependent amplification (HDA), transcription-mediated amplification (TMA), and nucleotide hybridizing methods. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 8. Molecular epidemiologic methods of infectious diseases. Nucleotide sequencing based methods; Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST), core genome Sequence Typing, (cgMLST), whole genome sequencing (WGS). - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 9. How do environmental factors like climate, society, nutrition, human behaviour affect the spread of infectious diseases? - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 10. How do environmental factors affect the spread of infectious diseases? International travels, international trading, industry, agriculture and lands use etc. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 11. How do environmental factors affect the spread of infectious diseases? The role of the humane microbiome in communicable and non-communicable diseases. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 12. Emerging and re-emerging Infections - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 13. Emerging and re-emerging Infections. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 14. Emerging and re-emerging Infections. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 15. The risk of bioterrorism and its epidemiologic background; short historical overview. International treaties. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 16. The risk of bioterrorism and its epidemiologic background. Potential pathogens; group A,B,C agents, toxins, methods of take it in action, detection and defence. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 17. Epidemiology of the nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections, the major types: Catheter associated urinary tract infection, ventilation associated pneumonia. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 18. Epidemiology of the nosocomial (hospital acquired) infections : surgical wound infections, catheter-related bloodstream infections, surgical wound infections. Possible ways to prevent the spread of multi-resistant pathogens. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 19. The aims and methods of the infectious disease surveillance. Local and regional systems. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 20. The aims and methods of the infectious disease surveillance. Country wide, European wide. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 21. Factors and measures helping and inhibiting the development of antimicrobial resistance. Prevent infection, Diagnose and treat, infection effectively. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 22. Factors and measures helping and inhibiting the development of antimicrobial resistance. Use antimicrobials wisely; Prevent transmission. - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 23. The possibilities of the prevention of infectious diseases specific methods; vaccination; - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán
• 24. The possibilities of the prevention of infectious diseases aspecific methods.... - Dr. Tigyi Zoltán

Praktika

Seminare

Materialien zum Aneignen des Lehrstoffes

Obligatorische Literatur

Vom Institut veröffentlichter Lehrstoff

The slides of the seminars in PDF-file format.

Skript

Empfohlene Literatur

Jawetz, Melnick & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology; Geo. F. Brooks, Karen C. Carroll, Janet S. Butel, Stephen A. Morse, Timothy A. Mietzner; McGraw-Hill Education (Medical)}, Ed. th
Molecular Tools and Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Betsy Foxman; Academic
Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 2012
Diseases of Poverty: Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, and Modern Plagues; Lisa V. Adams, John R. Butterly; Dartmouth; 2015
New Frontiers of Molecular Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases; Serge Morand , François Beaudeau,Jacques Cabaret; Springer 2012
Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Theory and Practice; Kenrad E. Nelson, Carolyn Masters Williams; Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2012
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/Pages/home.aspx
American Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; https://www.cdc.gov/
www.who.int/en/

Voraussetzung zum Absolvieren des Semesters

Presentation of the sub-topict chosen by the students, which belongs to the main topic .The 10-15 minute duration lecture is shown with help of the PowerPoint or other presentation software, and it follows lecturer’s introductory lecture about the main topic.
- A further expectations: student gives essential answers to the questions raised during the lectures and discussion.
- Student share his or her opinion about the topic is discussed.
- Evaluation: mid-year activity ~ 10%, lecture held in the subject: ~ 90%
- If performance is not sufficient, the student must answer 3 essay questions orally or in writing.

Semesteranforderungen

The opportunity of the personal appointment is assured and the tutor is open for the negotiation on how to make up the missed lessons or presentation.

Möglichkeiten zur Nachholung der Fehlzeiten

The opportunity of the personal appointment is assured and the copies of the slides of the lecturer are available in electronic format (PDF).

Prüfungsfragen

The major topics are delineated in details on the first seminar. The sub-topics of the presentation of the students are subjected to negotiation.

Prüfer

Praktika, Seminarleiter/innen

• Dr. Tigyi Zoltán