Clinical Radiology

Data

Official data in SubjectManager for the following academic year: 2025-2026

Topic

The Medical Student Education Program of the Department of Radiology is active in the fourth year of the medical student curriculum, training not only future radiologists, but also future physicians of all specialties. We realize that most of our students will not be going

into Radiology, but all of our students will be using radiology as a tool in the care of their patients. Our goal is to provide a firm grounding in the basic knowledge and skills of our field as well as instruction on how to interact with radiology and radiologists to get the most benefit for your patients. In addition, the major features and applications of nuclear medicine methods are also integrated in the lectures and clinical practices.

Lectures

• 1.

  Introduction

  - Bogner Péter
• 2.

  Nuclear medicine basics, techniques and devices.

  - Bódisné Zámbó Katalin
• 3.

  
  Chest 1.

  - Battyáni István
• 4.

  Chest 2.

  - Battyáni István
• 5.

  Cardiovascular system

  - Várady Edit
• 6.

  Cardiovascular system - nuclear medicine

  - Bódisné Zámbó Katalin
• 7.

  Gastrointestinal system 1.

  - Faluhelyi Nándor
• 8.

  Gastrointestinal system 2.

  - Faluhelyi Nándor
• 9.

  Neuroradiology 1.

  - Rostás Tamás
• 10.

  Neuroradiology 2.

  - Rostás Tamás
• 11.

  Head and neck 1.

  - Rostás Tamás
• 12.

  Head and neck 2.

  - Rostás Tamás
• 13.

  Musculoskeletal system

  - Járay Ákos
• 14.

  Musculoskeletal system - nuclear medicine

  - Ritter Zsombor
• 15.

  Emergency radiology 1.

  - Járay Ákos
• 16.

  Emergency radiology 2.

  - Járay Ákos
• 17.

  Pediatric radiology 1.

  - Péleyné Mohay Gabriella
• 18.

  Pediatric radiology 2.

  - Péleyné Mohay Gabriella
• 19.

  Interventional radiology 1.

  - Tóth Arnold
• 20.

  Interventional radiology 2.

  - Tóth Arnold
• 21.

  Nuclear medicine 1.

  - Ritter Zsombor
• 22.

  Nuclear medicine 2.

  - Ritter Zsombor
• 23.

  Nuclear medicine 3.

  - Ritter Zsombor
• 24.

  Nuclear medicine 4.

  - Ritter Zsombor
• 25.

  Urogenital system

  - Tóth András
• 26.

  Urogenital system - nuclear medicine

  - Ritter Zsombor
• 27.

  Breast, female pelvis 1.

  - Bencze Gábor Tamás
• 28.

  Breast, female pelvis 2.

  - Rostás Tamás

Practices

• 1.

  - Introduction to diagnostic workplaces, radiation protection.

• 2.

  - Structure of the X-ray apparatus, CT, MR apparatus

  - Ultrasound basics

• 3.

  - Indications and modalities

  - Technical basics: PA/AP, bidirectional, body position, distance

  - Chest X-ray analysis: anatomy (lung lobes, fissures, trachea, bronchi, atria, ventricles, pulmonary arteries, aorta, mediastinum, diaphragm).

  - Chest X-ray analysis: densitometry, terminology

• 4.

  - Judgement of correct and incorrect positioning of medical devices placed in the chest (endotracheal tube, central venous cannula, nasogastric tube, chest drain, pacemaker).

  - Pathological findings on X-ray and CT scans: pneumonia, atelectasis, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, tension pneumothorax, pulmonary and mediastinal tumors, congestive heart disease, pulmonary edema.

• 5.

  - Practicing chest radiology cases

  - Examination modalities of the cardiovascular system: X-ray, US, CT, MR

  - Pulmonary embolism. Indications. Case presentation.

• 6.

  - Acute aortic pathologies: dissection, aneurysm. Case presentation.

  - Coronary CT: Indications. Case presentation.

  - Cardiac MRI: Indications. Case presentation.

• 7.

  - Recognition of normal abdominal anatomy on X-ray, US, CT and MRI scans.

  - Indications and modalities (Plain abdominal film, Barium swallow/follow through/enema, CT, MRI)

  - Recognition of signs of ileus/gastrointestinal obstruction and perforation on X-ray images.

• 8.

  -Additional cases: tumours (colorectal, liver), inflammatory pathologies (Crohn's, diverticulitis, abscess, appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis), trauma, etc.

• 9.

  - Identification of main anatomical structures on CT and MRI images.

  - Indications and modalities (CT/MRI)

  - Recognition and differentiation of intracranial haemorrhages.

• 10.

  - Stroke diagnosis

  - Herniations (tonsillar).

  - Recognizing signs of spinal cord compression.

  - Other cases: e.g. tumours.

• 11.

  - Identification of main anatomical structures on US, CT and MRI images.

  - Indications and modalities

• 12.

  - Case presentations.

• 13.

  - Identification of main anatomical structures on X-ray, US, CT and MRI images.

  - Indications and modalities

• 14.

  - Case presentations: Identification of common fractures on X-ray images (wrist, ankle, hip fractures, vertebral compression, etc.).

  - Other cases: degenerative lesions (coxarthrosis, bone tumors, periosteal reaction etc.

• 15.

  - Emergency imaging indications and modalities

  - The most important aspects of patient referral

• 16.

  - Main acute pathologies, case presentations

• 17.

  - Indications and modalities

  - Diagnosis of fractures on X-ray images.

• 18.

  - Additional cases of important pediatric diseases (e.g. NRDS/Wet lung, congenital malformations, pylorus stenosis etc)

  - Communication of tests and test results to the patient and parents.

• 19.

  -Interventional radiology

• 20.

  - Case practice of previous topics

• 21.

  - Nuclear Medicine seminar

• 22.

  - Equipment and case presentations

• 23.

  - Nuclear medicine seminar.

• 24.

  - Case presentations.

• 25.

  - Examination protocols (urorgraphy)

  - Urogenital system on cross-sectional images.

  - Recognition of signs of obstruction on US, CT and MRI images.

• 26.

  - Acute urological pathologies

  - Other cases: tumours (RCC, prostate), trauma

• 27.

  - Review of images from previous

• 28.

  - Exercises, practice.

Seminars

Reading material

Obligatory literature

Literature developed by the Department

Uploaded to PotePedia

Notes

Recommended literature

Herring: Learning Radiology, Saunders, 2015

R. B. Gunderman: Essential Radiology, Thieme, 2006

G. M. Roberts, J. P. Hughes and M. D. Hourihan: Clinical Radiology for Medical Students

S. Francis, A. F. Watkinson (Department of Radiology of The Royal Free Hospital, London, UK): Interventional Radiology

Explained, Remedicina Publishing, 2000.

In Hungarian:

Fráter, Palkó, Makó, Kollár, Battyáni: Radiológia, Medicina, 2014

Recommended: Davit Sutton: Textbook of Radiology and Imaging, latest edition, Elsevier

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

The completion of Clinical Radiology course will be verified in case of maximum two absences from clinical practices (4 hours). To recover the absences over the limit, the permission of clinical director is needed (e.g. in case of health problems that is legally documented).

The exams (all chances) are written tests (inhouse-online Moodle tests) consisting of simple choice, true-false and relation analysis questions. The test also contains image analysis: examination methods, important anatomical structures and basic pathologies are expected to be recognized.

Mid-term exams

During several lectures an online test, using Kahoot! (https://kahoot.it/) mobile appliaction, will be performed. Depending on the perticipation the students will get expra point(s) for the written exam (i.e. 1 Kahoot = 1 point), but only, if they pass the exam without those exra points. Extra points will only be applied during A chance.

To prevent cheating, written catalouges will be carried out on random lectures. Those students who wrongfully achieved extra points (e.g. those who participated in a kahoot quiz but were not present on the given lecture) will loose chance to get any extra point during the test.

Making up for missed classes

Recovering absences over the limit is possible by attending practices with a different group but similar topic.

Exam topics/questions

1.The fundamentals of X-ray imaging. X-ray equipments. Radiation protection.

2.The fundamentals of CT and MRI imaging, examination methods.

3.Fundamentals of ultrasound physics. Ultrasound methods. Patient preparation before examination.

4.Imaging of pneumonias.

5.Thoracic masses. Imaging strategy, differential diagnosis.

6.Pulmonary embolism. Diagnosis and diagnostic difficulties.

7.Pneumothorax and hydrothorax. Etiology, radiologic characteristics.

8.Interstitial pulmonary diseases. Pulmonary fibrosis. Silicosis. Emphysema.

9.Diagnostic imaging of cardiac diseases. Methods, indications. Cardiomyopathies. Diseases of the pericardium.

10.Imaging of ischemic heart diseases and cardiac valve diseases.

11.Diseases of the aorta. Imaging methods, the role of CT and MRI.

12.Imaging in acute abdomen.

13.Imaging of the esophagus, stomach and small bowels. Methods, indications, imaging strategy.

14.Imaging of the colon. Inflammatory diseases of the colon. Diverticulosis. Colon tumors.

15.Imaging of the liver and the hepatobiliary system. Imaging techniques, indications, information content.

16.Imaging of the pancreas and the spleen. Imaging techniques, indications, information content.

17.Imaging of the urinary system. Indications, diagnostic strategy. Renal inflammatory diseases, nephrolithiasis.

18.Onco-uroradiology: Adrenal and renal masses. Masses of the urinary bladder, the prostate and the testis. Imaging techniques and strategy.

19.Imaging of the arterial system and arterial diseases. Methods of angiography. Indications and complications.

20.Imaging of the venous and lymphatic system and their diseases. Deep vein thrombosis.

21.Imaging of musculoskeletal trauma (bones and soft tissue). Radiologic signs of fracture healing. Terminology.

22.Imaging of degenerative joint diseases.

23.Imaging of inflammatory bone and joint diseases. Osteomyelitis, arthritis. Aseptic bone necrosis.

24.Imaging of bone metastases. Radiologic and nuclear medicine techniques.

25.Neuroradiology. Imaging techniques and indications.

26.Neuroradiology. Imaging of acute intracranial vascular diseases. Stroke.

27.Imaging in neurotrauma.

28.Imaging of the vertebral column and the spinal cord. Main diseases.

29.Imaging of the head and the neck. Imaging methods, indications and strategy.

30.Imaging of the orbit and the paranasal sinuses. Imaging methods, indications and strategy.

31.Imaging of the breast. Mammography, clinical mammography, ultrasound.

32.Imaging strategy in gynecologic tumors (cervix, uterus, ovarium).

33.Intravascular radiologic interventions I. Methods of revascularization (PTA, stent implantation, selective thrombolysis, catheter thrombectomy/embolectomy).

34.Intravascular radiologic interventions II. Interventional radiologic treatment of bleeding, vasoocclusive techniques (embolization, sclerotisation).

35.Image-guided biopsies. Cyst puncture, drainage (biliary, renal, bladder etc.)

36.Radiologic interventions in tumor treatment (Tumor ablation techniques. Selective cytostatic treatment, chemoembolization).

37.The fundamentals of nuclear medicine imaging. Types of radiation, applications.

38.Advantages of hybrid techniques (SPECT/CT, PET/CT).

39.Radioisotope diagnostics of pulmonary embolism (perfusion and inhalation). Radioisotope methods in pulmonary malignancies.

40.Radioisotope examination of myocardial perfusion (transient and permanent ischaemia, viability). Radioisotope examination of left ventricle pump function and wall motion problems.

41.Radioisotope diagnostics of thyroid diseases and parathyroid diseases.

42.Nuclear medicine methods in childhood (kidney, bone, 123I-MIBG scintigraphy).

43.Radioisotope diagnostics in breast and gynecologic tumors. The significance of sentinel lymph node scintigraphy.

44.Brain perfusion examinations in nuclear medicine (indications, radiopharmaceuticals, imaging).

45.Nuclear medicine examinations in gastroenterology.

46.Isotope renography (indications, radiopharmaceuticals, imaging).

47.Indications of bone scintigraphy. The significance and indications of 3-phase bone scintigraphy.

48.Radioiodine therapy in the diseases of the thyroid gland.

49.Radionuclide therapy of neuroendocrine and neuroectodermal tumors.

Examiners

• Botz Bálint
• Faluhelyi Nándor
• Farkas Orsolya
• Ritter Zsombor
• Tóth András
• Tóth Arnold
• Várady Edit

Instructor / tutor of practices and seminars

• Battyáni István
• Bencze Gábor Tamás
• Bódisné Zámbó Katalin
• Deáki Lilla
• Dezső Dániel
• Farkas Orsolya
• Gáspár Tamás
• Hamvas Zsófia
• Járay Ákos
• Kalmár Péter János
• KURZUSHOZ RENDELT OKTATÓ
• Ritter Zsombor
• Szekeres Gábor
• Tóth András
• Tóth Arnold
• Várady Edit