Pharmacodynamics 3 - Theory

Data

Official data in SubjectManager for the following academic year: 2024-2025

Topic

The aim of the course is to provide the students with pharmacological knowledge that is required for their future work in the pharmacy. Important topics are pharmacology of the endocrine system; chemotherapy of microbial diseases including antibacterial, antifungal drugs, antiviral antiprotozoal, antihelminthic agents, antiseptics and disinfectants; drugs used in chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases; immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, drug treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Further topics are pharmacogenetics; effects of age, diet and diseases on drug action; drug interactions.

Lectures

• 1.

  Corticosteroids I

  - Pethő Gábor István
• 2.

  Corticosteroids II

  - Pethő Gábor István
• 3.

  Corticosteroids III

  - Pethő Gábor István
• 4. Estrogens, anti-estrogens - Pethő Gábor István
• 5. Progestins, anti-progestins - Pethő Gábor István
• 6. Postmenopausal hormone therapy. Hormonal contraceptives - Pethő Gábor István
• 7.

  Androgens, anabolic steroids, and anti-androgens I

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 8.

  Androgens, anabolic steroids, and anti-androgens II

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 9.

  Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs I

  - Kriszta Gábor
• 10.

  Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs II

  - Kriszta Gábor
• 11.

  Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones I

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 12.

  Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones II

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 13.

  Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones III

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 14. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents I. - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 15. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents II. - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 16. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents III. Glucagon - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 17.

  Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, and drug treatment of osteoporosis I

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 18.

  Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vitamin D, and drug treatment of osteoporosis II

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 19.

  Drugs used in neoplastic diseases I

  - Pethő Gábor István
• 20.

  Drugs used in neoplastic diseases II

  - Pethő Gábor István
• 21.

  Drugs used in neoplastic diseases III

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 22.

  Drugs used in neoplastic diseases IV

  - Pozsgai Gábor
• 23. Immunosuppressants, immunomodulators - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 24. Drugs used for treating rheumatoid arthritis - Sánticsné Pintér Erika

Practices

Seminars

Reading material

Obligatory literature

Literature developed by the Department

Electronic handouts are provided for most topics.

Notes

Recommended literature

Rang, Dale, Ritter, Moore: Pharmacology, 9th edition, Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2020

B. G. Katzung (ed.): Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 15th edition, Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 2021

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

None.

Mid-term exams

There is no midterm exam/test.

Making up for missed classes

There is no way to make up for missed classes.

Exam topics/questions

Reqirements: The semester is closed with the final exam. The exams are oral. The required topics are dealt with during the three courses of Pharmacodynamics, including both lectures and practice classes.The criterion of admission to the exam is the successful completion of the practice carried out in paralell (midsemester grade with the result different from failed).

Exam questions:

1. Basic mechanisms of drug actions (examples of drug effects on receptors, ion channels, enzymes, carrier systems and effects mediated by physicochemical interactions)

2. Characterization of agonist-receptor interaction: occupancy, affinity, dose-response curve, potency, efficacy

3. Significance of signal transduction mechanisms in the effects of drugs. Tachyphylaxis and tolerance to drugs

4. Mechanisms of drug antagonisms

5. Transport of drugs across membranes

6. Absorption of drugs, oral bioavailability and presystemic elimination

7. Plasma protein binding and tissue distribution of drugs

8. Biotransformation of drugs

9. Excretion of drugs

10. Quantitative pharmacokinetics: zero and first order elimination, volume of distribution, clearance, elimination half-life, oral bioavailability, calculation of loading and maintenance doses, non-linear pharmacokinetics

11. Harmful effects of drugs and their mechanisms

12. Factors influencing drug effects: genetic constitution, age, diet, disease

13. Drug interactions

14. Cholinergic agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors

15. Muscarinic receptor antagonists

16. Neuromuscular blocking agents. Drugs acting on autonomic ganglia

17. Agents acting on the biosynthesis, storage, release and elimination of catecholamines

18. Adrenergic receptor agonists

19. Adrenergic receptor antagonists

20. Local anesthetics

21. Calcium channel blockers

22. Drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

23. Diuretic drugs

24. Positive inotropic and other drugs used for treating congestive heart failure

25. Antianginal drugs. Drugs that increase regional blood flow

26. Antihypertensive drugs

27. Antiarrhythmic drugs

28. Antianxiety and hypnotic drugs

29. Alcohols: pharmacology, toxicology

30. Antipsychotic drugs

31. Antidepressants

32. Central nervous system stimulants. Nootropic drugs

33. Drug treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

34. General anesthetics

35. Antiepileptic drugs

36. Opioid analgesic drugs: morphine and codeine

37. Opioid analgesic drugs: semisynthetic, synthetic opioids, opioid antagonists

38. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: aspirin, paracetamol

39. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: drugs other than aspirin or paracetamol

40. Adjuvant analgesics. Drugs used for treating gout. Centrally-acting muscle relaxants

41. Basic terms of drug abuse. Psychedelics, nicotine, cannabis, inhalants

42. Drugs used for treating hyperlipoproteinemias

43. Anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs

44. Fibrinolytics, antifibrinolytics, hemostatic agents

45. Drugs affecting hematopoiesis

46. Histamine, H1 and H2 receptor antagonists

47. Serotonin, serotonin receptor agonists and antagonists. Drug treatment of migraine

48. Pharmacology of eicosanoids. Drugs acting on the smooth muscle: smooth muscle relaxants, pharmacology of the uterine muscle

49. Drugs used in bronchial asthma

50. Drugs used in allergic rhinitis. Antitussive, expectorant and mucolytic agents

51. Drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer

52. Emetics, antiemetics and prokinetic drugs. Digestives, drugs used in cholelithiasis

53. Laxatives, antidiarrheal agents, drug treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases

54. Corticosteroids

55. Oestrogens, antioestrogens, progestins, antiprogestins

56. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and hormonal contraceptives

57. Androgens, anabolic steroids, antiandrogens

58. Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs

59. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones

60. Insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents. Glucagon

61. Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin D, drugs used for treating osteoporosis

62. Sulphonamides and trimethoprim. Fluoroquinolones. Nitroimidazoles

63. Beta-lactam antibiotics

64. Glycopeptide antibiotics, lipopeptides, polymyxines, gramicidins

65. Aminoglycosides, tetracyclines

66. Macrolide antibiotics , chloramphenicol, lincosamides, streptogramins

67. Antituberculotic drugs. Anti-leprosy drugs

68. Antifungal drugs

69. Drugs used against herpes and HIV viruses

70. Drugs used against hepatitis, influenza and RS viruses

71. Antiprotozoal drugs

72. Anthelminthic drugs

73. Antiseptics and disinfectants

74. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases: alkylating agents, antimetabolites

75. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases: alkaloids, antibiotics, hormonal agents

76. Drugs used in the chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases: biological therapy

77. Immunosuppressants and immunomodulators. Drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and multiple sclerosis

In addition to the exam topics, an important part of the exam is answering questions that aim at assessing the general knowledge of the student.

Examiners

• Pethő Gábor István
• Pozsgai Gábor

Instructor / tutor of practices and seminars