Pharmacology 2

Adatok

A Tantárgybejelentőben megadott hivatalos adatok az alábbi tanévre: 2024-2025

Tematika

The general aim of the subject is to provide the medical students with all the basic information in pharmacology necessary to understand the actions of drugs and the clinical pharmacotherapy and to pass the Foreign Medical Graduate Examination in Medical Sciences. Pharmacology can be defined as the study of the manner in which the function of living systems is affected by chemical agents. Therefore, the students should be familiar with the basic knowledge of the physiological, pathophysiological and biochemical background of the pharmacological and therapeutic approaches. On the other hand, drug therapy is closely related to the clinical aspects of diseases.

The following topics will be dealt with. Pharmacology of the central nervous system. Opioid analgesic drugs. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal system. Pharmacology of the endocrine system: pituitary hormones, corticosteroids, reproductive system, thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs, insulin, glucagon and oral hypoglycemic agents, vitamin D, treatment of osteoporosis. Chemotherapy: sulphonamides and trimethoprim, fluoroquinolones, beta-lactam antibiotics, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolide antibiotics, clindamycin, vancomycin, polymyxins, aminoglycosides, antituberculotics, treatment of leprosy. Antifungal drugs, antiviral agents, antiprotozoal drugs, antihelminthic agents, antiseptics and disinfectants. Pharmacogenetics, effects of age, diet and diseases on drug action. Drug interactions. Basics of toxicology.

Előadások

• 1. Neurotransmitters of the CNS - Szőke Éva
• 2.

  Antianxiety and hypnotic drugs I

  - Gasznerné Kormos Viktória
• 3.

  Antianxiety and hypnotic drugs II

  - Gasznerné Kormos Viktória
• 4. Antipsychotic drugs I - Borbély Éva
• 5. Antipsychotic drugs II - Borbély Éva
• 6. Antidepressants I - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 7. Antidepressants II - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 8. General anesthetics I - Pethő Gábor István
• 9. General anesthetics II - Pethő Gábor István
• 10. Antiepileptic drugs - Pethő Gábor István
• 11. Opioid analgesic drugs I - Pethő Gábor István
• 12. Opioid analgesic drugs II - Pethő Gábor István
• 13. Drug abuse and dependence I - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 14. Drug abuse and dependence II - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 15.

  Drug abuse and dependence III. Anti-obesity drugs

  - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 16. Drug abuse and dependence IV - Gasznerné Kormos Viktória
• 17. Corticosteroids I - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 18. Corticosteroids II - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 19. Estrogens, anti-estrogens, progestins and anti-progestins - Pethő Gábor István
• 20. Postmenopausal hormone therapy. Hormonal contraceptives - Pethő Gábor István
• 21. Androgens, anabolic steroids and anti-androgens - Pethő Gábor István
• 22. Insulin, insulin analogs - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 23. Oral hypoglycemic agents. Glucagon - Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• 24. Drugs acting on bone metabolism I - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 25. Drugs acting on bone metabolism II - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 26. Basic principles of antimicrobial chemotherapy - Sándor Zoltán (1968, Farmakológia)
• 27. Sulfonamides, trimethoprim, pyrimethamine. Fluoroquinolones - Sándor Zoltán (1968, Farmakológia)
• 28. Nitroimidazoles, RNA polymerase inhibitors - Sándor Zoltán (1968, Farmakológia)
• 29. Drugs inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis I - Börzsei Rita Judit
• 30. Drugs inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis II - Börzsei Rita Judit
• 31. Drugs inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis III - Börzsei Rita Judit
• 32.

  Drugs inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis I

  - Horváth Ádám István (Farmakológia)
• 33.

  Drugs inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis II

  - Horváth Ádám István (Farmakológia)
• 34.

  Drugs inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis III

  - Horváth Ádám István (Farmakológia)
• 35. Antiviral drugs I - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 36. Antiviral drugs III - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 37. Antiviral drugs III - Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• 38. Drug interactions - Pethő Gábor István
• 39. Management of the poisoned patient I - Börzsei Rita Judit
• 40. Management of the poisoned patient II - Börzsei Rita Judit
• 41. Drug intoxications I - Mohos Violetta Karolin
• 42. Drug intoxications II - Mohos Violetta Karolin

Gyakorlatok

Szemináriumok

• 1. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract I
• 2. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract II
• 3. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract III
• 4. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract IV
• 5. Pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract V
• 6. Local anesthetics
• 7.

  Drug treatment of neurodegenerative disorders I

• 8.

  Drug treatment of neurodegenerative disorders II. Nootropic agents

• 9.

  Adjuvant analgesics. Centrally-acting muscle relaxants

• 10.

  Group discussion of the CNS drugs I

• 11.

  Group discussion of the CNS drugs II

• 12.

  Group discussion of the CNS drugs III

• 13.

  Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones I

• 14.

  Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones II

• 15.

  Pharmacology of the thyroid gland

• 16.

  Antiseptics and disinfectants

• 17.

  Antituberculotic drugs

• 18.

  Anti-leprosy drugs

• 19.

  Antimycotic drugs

• 20.

  Anthelminthic drugs

• 21.

  Antiprotozoal drugs I

• 22.

  Antiprotozoal drugs II

• 23.

  Group discussion of the antimicrobial drugs I

• 24.

  Group discussion of the antimicrobial drugs II

• 25. Pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics
• 26. Effects of age, diet and disease on drug action
• 27. Harmful effects of drugs I
• 28. Harmful effects of drugs II

A tananyag elsajátításához szükséges segédanyagok

Kötelező irodalom

Saját oktatási anyag

Materials related to the topics discussed in lectures and seminars will be available in Neptun.

Jegyzet

Ajánlott irodalom

Rang, Dale, Ritter, Moore: Pharmacology, 9th edition, Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2020

B. G. Katzung (ed.): Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 15th edition, Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 2021

A félév elfogadásának feltételei

None.

Félévközi ellenőrzések

There is no mid-semester test.

Távolmaradás pótlásának lehetőségei

Each missed seminar has to be made up for with another group in the same week.

Vizsgakérdések

1. Basic mechanisms of drug actions (examples of drug effects on receptors, ion channels, enzymes, carrier systems and effects mediated by physicochemical interactions)
2. Characterization of agonist-receptor interaction: occupancy, affinity, concentration-response curve, potency, efficacy, quantal dose-response curve
3. Significance of signal transduction mechanisms in the effects of drugs. Tachyphylaxis and tolerance to drugs
4. Mechanisms of drug antagonisms. Inverse agonism
5. The role of transport and membranes in pharmacokinetics
6. Absorption of drugs
7. Distribution of drugs. The competition of elimination and distribution
8. Metabolism of drugs
9. Elimination: general concerns and timing. The clearance. Excretion of drugs
10. Basic concepts of pharmacokinetics. Therapeutic regimens. Individualization of drug therapy. Non-linear pharmacokinetics
11. Drug formulations. Prescription writing
12. Drug research and development
13. Cholinergic agonists and cholinesterase inhibitors
14. Muscarinic receptor antagonists
15. Neuromuscular blocking agents
16. Agents acting on the biosynthesis, storage, release and elimination of catecholamines
17. Adrenergic receptor agonists
18. Adrenergic receptor antagonists
19. Pharmacology of protein and peptide mediators, the purinergic system and nitric oxide
20. Calcium channel blockers
21. Drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
22. Diuretic drugs
23. Antiarrhythmic drugs
24. Drugs used to treat congestive heart failure
25. Antianginal drugs
26. Antihypertensive drugs
27. Basic principles of fluid therapy
28. Drugs used to treat hyperlipoproteinemias
29. Anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs
30. Fibrinolytics, antifibrinolytics, hemostatic agents
31. Drugs affecting hematopoiesis
32. Histamine, antihistaminic drugs
33. Serotonin, serotonin receptor agonists and antagonists. Drug treatment of migraine
34. Pharmacology of eicosanoids. Drugs acting on the smooth muscle
35. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, paracetamol, metamizole
36. Drugs that increase regional blood flow. Drugs used to treat gout
37. Antineoplastic drugs: cytotoxic drugs, hormonal agents
38. Antineoplastic drugs: biological therapy
39. Immunosuppressants, immunomodulators,

40. Drug treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis
41. Drugs used to treat bronchial asthma
42. Drug treatment of allergic rhinitis. Antitussives, expectorants and mucolytics
43. Drugs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer
44. Emetics, antiemetics and prokinetic drugs
45. Laxatives, antidiarrhoeal agents, drug treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and paralytic ileus, digestives, drugs used in cholelithiasis
46. Local anesthetics
47. Antianxiety and hypnotic drugs
48. Alcohols: pharmacology, toxicology
49. Antipsychotic drugs
50. Antidepressants
51. Antiepileptic drugs
52. General anesthetics
53. Drug treatment of neurodegenerative disorders
54. Psychomotor stimulants. Nootropic agents. Drug treatment of obesity
55. Opioid analgesic drugs
56. Adjuvant analgesics. Centrally-acting muscle relaxants
57. Drug abuse and dependence: general principles, opioids, anti-anxiety and hypnotic drugs, inhalants, ethanol
58. Drug abuse and dependence: psychomotor stimulants, psychedelics, cannabis
59. Hypothalamic and pituitary hormones
60. Corticosteroids
61. Estrogens, antiestrogens, progestins, antiprogestins
62. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and hormonal contraceptives
63. Androgens, anabolic steroids, antiandrogens
64. Thyroid hormones, antithyroid drugs
65. Insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents. Glucagon
66. Parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin D, drugs used to treat osteoporosis
67. Sulfonamides, trimethoprim, pyrimethamine. Fluoroquinolones
68. Nitroimidazoles. RNA polymerase inhibitors
69. Penicillins, cefalosporins
70. Carbapenems, monobactams
71. Glycopeptide antibiotics. Daptomycin, fosfomycin, bacitracin, polymyxins, gramicidins
72. Tetracyclines, aminoglycosides
73. Macrolide antibiotics, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, oxazolidinones, streptogramins
74. Antituberculotic drugs. Anti-leprosy drugs
75. Antifungal drugs
76. Antiviral drugs: drugs against herpes and hepatitis viruses
77. Antiviral drugs: drugs against HIV and influenza viruses
78. Antiprotozoal drugs
79. Anthelminthic drugs
80. Antiseptics and disinfectants
81. Pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics. Effects of age, diet and disease on drug action
82. Harmful effects of drugs (cytotoxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, allergic)
83. Drug interactions
84. Basic principles of the treatment of the intoxicated patient
85. Drug intoxications

 

Upon the oral exam, 2 exam topics are chosen. In addition to these exam topics, important parts of the exam are the questions that aim at assessing the general knowledge of the student. Bad performance in this part of the exam may lead to failure regardless of the answers to exam topics.

Vizsgáztatók

• Borbély Éva
• Pethő Gábor István
• Pozsgai Gábor
• Sándor Zoltán (1968, Farmakológia)
• Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna

Gyakorlatok, szemináriumok oktatói

• Barthó Loránd
• Borbély Éva
• Börzsei Rita Judit
• Csekő Kata
• Gasznerné Kormos Viktória
• Horváth Ádám (Farmakológia)
• Horváth Ádám István (Farmakológia)
• Konkoly János
• KURZUSHOZ RENDELT OKTATÓ
• Mohos Violetta Karolin
• Pethő Gábor István
• Pozsgai Gábor
• Sánticsné Pintér Erika
• Simonné Hajna Zsófia Réka
• Tamasikné Helyes Zsuzsanna
• Zsidó Balázs Zoltán