Pathophysiology 2

Adatok

A Tantárgybejelentőben megadott hivatalos adatok az alábbi tanévre: 2022-2023

Tematika

Pathophysiology for dental students-2 deals with the etiology, time-course and clinical symptoms, as well as with possible pharmacological and other interventions in disorders of the gastrointestinal system, energy balance, intermediary metabolism and the endocrine systems.

Előadások

• 1. Gastroenterology (pathophysiology of the esophageal and gastric functions). - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 2. Diarrhea - Dr. Hegyi Eszter
• 3. Pathophysiology of liver functions (intermediary metabolism, jaundice). - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 4. Energy intake, metabolism. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 5. Overfeeding, obesity. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 6. Pathophysiology of thermoregulation. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 7. Etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus syndromes. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 8. Chronic consequences of diabetes mellitus syndromes. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 9. Disorders of protein metabolism. - Némethné Dr. Tóth Ildikó
• 10. Abnormalities of lipid metabolism. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 11. Disorders of the hypothalamus-pituitary system. Pituitary deficiency. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 12. Abnormalities if the thyroid functions (hypofunction). - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 13. Glucocortoid therapy. - Dr. Balaskó Márta
• 14. Complex topics: gerontology. - Dr. Balaskó Márta

Gyakorlatok

Szemináriumok

• 1. Gastroenterology (vomiting, peptic ulcer).
• 2. Diarrhea.
• 3. Maldigestion, malabsorption. Bowel obstruction.
• 4. Pancreatitis (acute, chronic).
• 5. Pathophysiology of liver function (portal hypertension, ascites, cirrhosis).
• 6. Hepatic coma. Hepatorenal syndrome.
• 7. Total starvation.
• 8. Partial starvation.
• 9. Etiology and pathogenesis of obesity.
• 10. Complications of obesity, metabolic syndrome.
• 11. Cold-defence and cold-induced disorders. Warm-defence and heat-induced disorders.
• 12. Fever and sickness-behavior.
• 13. Diabetes mellitus syndromes: pathomechanism. Acute complications of diabetes mellitus syndromes I.
• 14. Acute complications of diabetes mellitus syndromes II.
• 15. Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus syndromes.
• 16. Hypoglycemias.
• 17. Disorders of protein metabolism.
• 18. Disorders of nucleic acid metabolism. Gout.
• 19. Abnormalities of lipid metabolism.
• 20. Pathomechanisms of atherosclerosis.
• 21. Causes and consequences of hyperprolactinemia. Disorders of growth.
• 22. Disorders of thyroid functions (hyperfunctions).
• 23. Hypo- and hyper-functions of the adrenal medulla.
• 24. Hypo- and hyper-functions of the adrenal cortex.
• 25. Parathyroidea, disorders of calcium metabolism and bone remodelling I.
• 26. Parathyroidea, disorders of calcium metabolism and bone remodelling II.
• 27. Complex topics: tissue injury, trauma, sepsis.
• 28. MODS (multiple organ dysfunctions).

A tananyag elsajátításához szükséges segédanyagok

Kötelező irodalom

Székely Miklós (editor) Basic concepts in pathopysiology. Medicina Publishing House Budapest, 2019.

Saját oktatási anyag

Lecture and seminar slides will be uploaded to TEAMS.

Jegyzet

M. Székely (ed.): Basic Concepts in Pathophysiology, ÁOK PTE, 2007

Ajánlott irodalom

Medical Problems in Dentistry, ed: Crispian Scully, Churchill Livingstone; 7th edition, 2014
S. Silbernagl, F. Lang : Color Atlas of Pathophysiology, Thieme Stuttgart - New York, 2000

A félév elfogadásának feltételei

Maximum of 15 % absence allowed

Félévközi ellenőrzések

None.

Távolmaradás pótlásának lehetőségei

None. A maximum of 15% absences are accepted (4 x 45 min).

Vizsgakérdések

Saliva production and its role in dental health and oral mucosal protection.
Disorders of gastric filling and emptying. Gastro-esophageal reflux disease.
Vomiting (acute, chronic) and its importance in dental practice.
Peptic ulcer.
Specific malabsorption syndromes based on the level of the disorder (gastric, pancreatic, hepato-biliary) and on substrate specificity.
Complex malabsorption syndromes.

Diarrhea: causes, pathophysiological forms, consequences.
Bowel obstruction.
Acute pancreatitis: pathophysiology and consequences.
Pathophysiology of chronic pancreatitis.
Pathophysiology of liver functions and their importance in dental practice.

Disorders of intermediary metabolism in general liver cell damage.
Jaundice.
Cirrhosis, causes, mechanisms, consequences. Ascites
Water-soluble vitamins and their importance in dental practice.
Fat-soluble vitamins and their importance in dental practice.

Complete starvation: occurrence and process.
Partial starvation, anorexia nervosa. Accelerated forms of energetic insufficiency.
Protein deficiency. Protein-calorie malnutrition. Consequences of excessive protein intake.
Etiology and pathogenesis of obesity. Metabolic syndrome.
Consequences of obesity. Therapeutic possibilities.
Cold-defense and cold-induced disorders.

Warm-defense and heat-induced disorders, heat-induces collapse, heat decompensation.
Heat stroke and malignant hyperthermia.
Fever and sickness-behavior. The biological value of fever.
Hyperglycemia and glucose-tolerance tests. Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
General pathobiochemistry of diabetes mellitus syndrome.
Etiology and pathogenesis of DM1.

Etiology and pathogenesis of DM2.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and ketoacidotic coma.
Diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) and coma.
Late complications of diabetes mellitus.
Hypoglycemia.
Primary and secondary hyperlipidemias
Pathogenesis and consequences of atherosclerosis.

Disorders of the hypothalamo-pituitary system. Pituitary insufficiency.
Pituitary adenomas, hyperprolactinemia.
Pathophysiology of growth.
Hyperthyroidism.
Hypothyroidism.
Disturbances of the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic system. Pheochromocytoma.
Adrenal (cortex) insufficiency.

Primary hyperaldosteronism
Secondary hyperaldosteronism.
Glucocorticoid hyperfunctional states.
Pathophysiological aspects of glucocorticoid therapy.
Abnormalities of parathyroid functions and calcium levels, their manifestations in teeth and bones.
Hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia.

Mechanisms and disturbances of bone remodeling. Osteoporosis, osteomalacia.
Pathophysiological aspects of the dental treatment of elderly patients.


Note: Oral exam on basis of 3 questions from the list above.

Vizsgáztatók

• Burzánné Dr. Pétervári Erika
• Dr. Balaskó Márta

Gyakorlatok, szemináriumok oktatói

• Dr. Balaskó Márta
• Némethné Dr. Tóth Ildikó